Tractive systems for harvesting - tracks versus wheels?

This table provides a comparison of these two tractive methods for harvesting equipment.
 

  Tracks Wheels
Tractive power High compared to its weight and power Lower
Soil damage - compaction Less – weight is distributed over a large area, thus the specific soil pressure is lower High – weight distributed over a smaller area (band tracks can help)
Soil damage – top soil More damage to organic matter and cutting effect of topsoil
If used properly, damage to organic matter is much less. Comparatively lower.
Costs Track cost is comparatively higher – especially when working in very rocky areas and sandy soils. Long life can reduce overall cost. Comparatively lower. Machines with many wheels can have high tyre costs, especially with high tyre wear and the use of specialised forestry tyres.
Ground clearance Lower for construction excavators, but similar to wheels for purpose-built machines Higher
Movement speed Slower Faster
Centre of gravity Lower and more stable, can be used on steep terrain Higher, more unstable, especially if articulated
Turning circle Tighter – can turn in the length of the vehicle Wider
Transport over long distances Must be loaded onto a truck Can drive a reasonable distance and less damage to roads. Care must be taken not to exceed manufacturer specifications
Maintenance Less regular but at a higher cost and longer time More frequent but cheaper and less time used
Flexibility for different conditions Not flexible, tracks cannot be changed. More flexible, wheel chains and band tracks can be used.
Fuel consumption Heavier Lighter

Source: Michal and Andrew

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