This is the second in the series of articles with advice for maintaining and analysing the condition of engine oils, hydraulic fluids and coolant in equipment.
In the May 2 issue of Logging-on, Case gave advice on general fleet best practices for oil and fluid use. In this issue we examine engine oil and hydraulic fuel:
- Engine Oil: Machine owners should use the oil prescribed by the manufacturer and filters that have been specifically designed and engineered for their manufacturer’s equipment. The engine is an expensive item and it is not worth taking shortcuts with engine oil. Construction equipment is general able to operate for up to 300 hours between engine oil change intervals. However some manufacturers offer specialized engine oils that extend service life. The operator’s manual outlines the variation of engine oil life for atmospheric temperatures and which viscosity grade to use. In colder temperatures, a thinner oil works best, while a thicker fluid is suggested for warmer temperatures. The lower the number before the W in the viscosity grade, the more it can tolerate cold weather. Owners and operators must follow their machine’s manufacturer’s lubricant and change interval recommendations.
- Hydraulic Fluid: This is a multi-functional tool that transfers heat and is used as a sealant and lubricant. There is no universal spec for it. Each manufacturer has a particular type of hydraulic oil with its own viscosity grade suitable for their machines. There are generic hydraulic oils on the market, but these are often not backwards compatible, meaning they can’t be outfitted to older machines, and could cost owners money in the long run. Users must follow the manufacturer’s prescriptions when specifying hydraulic fluid. Owners need to consider the pump and equipment specification, the load used on the fluid, pump type, and the operating conditions and applications. Fluids should be stored in proper drums or tanks to avoid water and contaminates. Look for sediment and clarity, and if any “haziness” is detected, it could indicate excessive water or contamination. Operators should be trained in the hydraulic system and its fluids, including proper maintenance of seals and hoses, using clean funnels and paying close attention to any leaks. Hydraulic fluids should be changed as often as recommended in the owner’s manual or more frequently if working in harsh or extreme environments.