Calculating the productivity and cost of a logging residue chipper

A small residue chipper was integrated into a full-tree harvesting system.

Production information was analysed from two logging operations in the southeastern USA using small-scale chippers to process logging residues. The first system operated in thinnings and used a Bandit 1850 residue disc chipper (202 kW / 275 hp) to process mostly pine from small diameter trees, top-wood and a few limbs (although most limbs were removed by a delimbing gate). The chipper was fed by the loader (a Timberjack 430B) while carrying out its normal tasks of processing wood (using a pull-through delimbers) and loading trucks. The second system operated in a clearcut area and processed pine and hardwood tops and small-diameter stems in addition to the branches removed by a delimbing gate. The Bandit 1850 was set up a short distance from the roundwood processing area and had a dedicated Blount Prentice 210D loader for feeding.

The material from the thinning operations contained 80% woody material and a moisture content of 52%. The chipper operated for an average of two hours per day and had a production rate of 17 tonnes per hour. Based on this production, the costs for the chipper were $ 8.46 per tonne and the two hours per day of the loaders time were calculated to be $ 2.18 per tonne. The total delivered cost of the biomass was $ 18.38 per tonne for a 67 km (42 mi) lead.

The material from the clearcut operation consisted of 70% woody material and a moisture content of 46.6%. Chipper productivity figures of 17 tonnes per hour were used. The costs of the chipper were $ 6.09 per tonne and the loader was $ 3.97 per tonne. The delivered cost of the biomass was $ 17.81 per tonne. The costs of the dedicated loader and its operator made the costs only marginally lower than the thinning operation.

This research appeared in the International Journal of Forest Engineering, 2013. The article was titled “Implementing residue chippers on harvesting operations in the southeastern US for biomass recovery”. The authors were: P Jernigan, T Gallagher, J Aulakh, R Tufts and T McDonald. Access at http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14942119.2013.798130#.Ufa251YaLIU  
Return to Articles